A very common way to estimate the parameters of a hidden Markov model (HMM) is the relatively straightforward computation of maximum likelihood (ML) estimates. For this task, most users rely on user-friendly implementation ...

Animals can be important in modulating ecosystem-level nutrient cycling, although their importance varies greatly among species and ecosystems. Nutrient cycling rates of individual animals represent valuable data for testing ...

The threat posed by invasive non-native species worldwide requires a global approach to identify which introduced species are likely to pose an elevated risk of impact to native species and ecosystems. To inform policy, ...

A winter dredge survey of blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun) is conducted annually in Chesapeake Bay as a key element of a longterm, bay-wide population dynamics study. Removal experiments are performed routinely as ...

Pelagic fishes are a major source of protein and unsaturated fatty acids, and robust management is critical to avoid overfishing. Fisheries management is often supported by indices from scientific acoustic-trawl surveys, ...

A technique for limiting the variability of trawl doorspread is described. In addition, modifications of trawling technique which enable the doors to stay upright and maintain constant ground contact under different ...

A coupled biogeochemical-physical ocean model is used to study the seasonal and long–term variations of surface pCO2 in the North Atlantic Ocean. The model agrees well with recent underway pCO2 observations from the Surface ...