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Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar after intraperitoneal challenge with a nodavirus from Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus

Korsnes, Kjetil; Devold, Magnus; Nerland, Audun H.; Nylund, Are
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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d068p007.pdf (853.4Kb)
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http://hdl.handle.net/11250/109126
Utgivelsesdato
2005-12-30
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Originalversjon
http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao068007
Sammendrag
Homogenate of tissue from juveniles of Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus

suffering from viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) was used to challenge smolt of Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar with an initial average weight of 110 g. The nodavirus was administered in the

form of an intraperitoneal injection, and the fish were kept for 134 d post challenge. Genotype characterisation

of the nodavirus was performed by sequencing the RNA1 and RNA2 segments, and a

quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) assay was developed. Tissues from different organs were stained

by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Samples were collected at random on Days 7, 25, 45, 69, 125 and

134 after challenge. Mortality, clinical signs and pathology of VER were observed only in the

challenged group. The Q-PCR detected positive fish only in the challenged group, all of which were

positive on all days of sampling. An increase in relative virus concentrations was observed from Day 7

to Day 25 post challenge. The increased level of virus concentration was maintained in the medulla

oblongata throughout the experiment, suggesting persistence or slow elimination of the virus over

time. The IHC detected positive cells on Days 34, 70 and 74. These results suggest that the nodavirus

is transported to the medulla oblongata from the intraperitoneal injection site and is able to replicate

in salmon. When injected, this nodavirus isolate caused mortality and established a persistent

infection in the challenged salmon throughout the experiment. This susceptibility suggests that

co-location of salmon and marine species should be avoided until further studies of possible transmission

have been carried out.
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Inter-Research
Tidsskrift
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

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