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Phylogenetic and morphological characterisation of the green algae infesting blue mussel Mytilus edulis in the North and South Atlantic oceans

Rodríguez, Francisco; Feist, Stephen W.; Guillou, Laure; Harkestad, Lisbeth S.; Bateman, Kelly; Renault, Tristan; Mortensen, Stein H.
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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Phylogenetic and morphological characterisation of the green algae infesting blue mussel Mytilus edulis in the North and South Atlantic oceans.pdf (1.198Mb)
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/108850
Date
2008-09-24
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Abstract
Blue mussels Mytilus edulis with shell deformations and green pustules containing parasitic

algae were collected at 3 coastal sites (Burøy, Norway; Bockholm, Denmark; Goose Green,

Falkland Islands). A comparative study, including mussel histopathology, algal morphology, ultrastructure

and phylogenetic position was performed. Green pustules were mainly located in the posterior

portion of the mantle and gonad tissues and the posterior adductor muscle. Electron microscopy

confirmed the presence of algal cells with similar morphology to Coccomyxa parasitica. Algae were

oval shaped with a single nucleus and chloroplast, 1 or 2 mitochondria and a dense granular cytoplasm

with a lipid inclusion body, Golgi apparatus and small vesicles. Partial small subunit (SSU)

rRNA phylogeny confirmed the inclusion of parasitic algae into the Coccomyxa clade. However, the

sequence identity between almost full SSU rRNA sequences of parasitic algae and others in this clade

yielded an unexpected result. Green algae from mussels were distant from C. parasitica Culture Collection

of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP) strain 216/18 (94% identity), but very similar (99% identity) to

C. glaronensis (a lichen endosymbiont) and green endophytes from the tree Ginkgo biloba. The

CCAP strain 216/18 was a sister sequence to Nannochloris algae, far from the Coccomyxa clade.

These results suggest a misidentification or outgrowth of the original CCAP strain 216/18 by a different

‘Nannochloris-like’ trebouxiophycean organism. In contrast, our sequences directly obtained

from infested mussels could represent the true C. parasitica responsible for the green pustules in blue

mussels.
Description
doi: 10.3354/dao01956
Publisher
Inter-Research
Journal
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

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