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Machine intelligence and the data-driven future of marine science
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)Oceans constitute over 70% of the earth’s surface, and the marine environment and ecosystems are central to many global challenges. Not only are the oceans an important source of food and other resources, but they also ... -
Machine Learning + Marine Science: Critical Role of Partnerships in Norway
(Others, 2021)In this essay, we review some recent advances in developing machine learning (ML) methods for marine science applications in Norway. We focus mostly on deep learning (DL) methods and review the challenges we have faced in ... -
Machine learning in marine ecology: an overview of techniques and applications
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Machine learning covers a large set of algorithms that can be trained to identify patterns in data. Thanks to the increase in the amount of data and computing power available, it has become pervasive across scientific ... -
Macro- and microplastics as complex threats to coral reef ecosystems
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)The impacts of macroplastics (macro-), microplastics (MPs, <5mm), and nanoplastics (NPs, <100 nm) on corals and their complex reef ecosystems are receiving increased attention and visibility. MPs represent a major, ... -
Macroalgal detritus and food-web subsidies along an Arctic fjord depth-gradient
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-06-05)Tight coupling between pelagic and benthic communities is accepted as a general principle on Arctic shelves. Whereas this paradigm has been useful for guiding ecological research, it has perhaps led to a disproportionate ... -
Macronutrient biogeochemistry in Antarctic land-fast sea ice: Insights from a circumpolar data compilation
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Antarctic sea ice plays an important role in Southern Ocean biogeochemistry and mediating Earth's climate system. Yet our understanding of biogeochemical cycling in sea ice is limited by the availability of relevant data ... -
Macrophytes as habitat for fish
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)As different macrophyte habitats house different distributions of invertebrates, we questioned if differences in the composition of fish in these habitats also could be identified. Additionally, we addressed the question ... -
Magnetic Compass Orientation in the European Eel
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013-03-15)European eel migrate from freshwater or coastal habitats throughout Europe to their spawning grounds in the Sargasso Sea. However, their route (~ 6000 km) and orientation mechanisms are unknown. Several attempts have been ... -
Magnetic Compass Orientation in the European Eel
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013) -
Magnetic fields generated by submarine power cables have a negligible effect on the swimming behavior of Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) juveniles
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Submarine power cables carry electricity over long distances. Their geographic distribution, number, and areal coverage are increasing rapidly with the development of, for example, offshore wind facilities. The flow of ... -
Magnetic fields generated by the DC cables of offshore wind farms have no effect on spatial distribution or swimming behavior of lesser sandeel larvae (Ammodytes marinus)
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)In the North Sea, the number and size of offshore wind (OW) turbines, together with the associated network of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) subsea cables, will increase rapidly over the coming years. HVDC cables produce ... -
Maintaining precision calibrations with optimal copper spheres
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 1983)Effects of variations in quantities influencing the backscattering cross sections of solid elastic spheres are studied through a particular case. This is that of the 60-mm-diam copper sphere, which is being used worldwide ... -
Major fine-scale spatial heterogeneity in accumulation of gelatinous carbon fluxes on the deep seabed
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Abyssal plain communities rely on the overlying water column for a settling flux of organic matter. The origin and rate of this flux as well as the controls on its fine-scale spatial distribution following seafloor settlement ... -
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) variation and susceptibility to the sea louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2007-06-07)The relationship between genetic variation in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I and II genes and susceptibility to sea lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar (L.) was studied ... -
Making the best of lousy circumstances: The impact of salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis on depth preference of sea trout Salmo trutta
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)Sea trout are known for seeking out sources of freshwater to rid themselves of salmon lice. However, the effect of natural haloclines in fjords on parasite dynamics is not well understood. We tagged 48 naturally infested ... -
Making use of Johan Hjort's “unknown” legacy: reconstruction of a 150-year coastal time-series on northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) liver data reveals long-term trends in energy
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-03-11)Hidden within the seminal 1914 publication by Johan Hjort, we find what is probably one of the first comprehensive teleost time-series ever published. The series is liver size and fat content of northeast Arctic (NEA) cod ... -
Man and the Last Great Wilderness: Human Impact on the Deep Sea
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2011-07-27)The deep sea, the largest ecosystem on Earth and one of the least studied, harbours high biodiversity and provides a wealth of resources. Although humans have used the oceans for millennia, technological developments now ... -
Management of transboundary and straddling fish stocks in the Northeast Atlantic in view of climate-induced shifts in spatial distribution
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)The introduction of 200 n.m. exclusive economic zones (EEZs) in the late 1970s required increased collaboration among neighbouring coastal states to manage transboundary and straddling fish stocks. The established agreements ... -
Management Scenarios Under Climate Change – A Study of the Nordic and Barents Seas
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)The effects of increasing fishing pressure in combination with temperature increases in the Nordic and Barents Seas have been evaluated using an end-to-end model for the area forced by a downscaled RCP 4.5 climate scenario. ... -
Management strategies can buffer the effect of mass mortality in early life stages of fish
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Mass mortality (MM) events affecting early life stages of fish can have strong and long-term consequences for population abundance and demography as well as the economic activity supported by exploited stocks. Adaptive ...