dc.contributor.author | Dong, Yuanxu | |
dc.contributor.author | Yang, Mingxi | |
dc.contributor.author | Bakker, Dorothee C. E. | |
dc.contributor.author | Liss, Peter S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Kitidis, Vassilis | |
dc.contributor.author | Brown, Ian | |
dc.contributor.author | Chierici, Melissa | |
dc.contributor.author | Fransson, Agneta | |
dc.contributor.author | Bell, Thomas G. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-01-21T09:43:03Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-01-21T09:43:03Z | |
dc.date.created | 2022-01-11T12:03:04Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Geophysical Research Letters. 2021, 48 (22), . | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0094-8276 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2838627 | |
dc.description.abstract | Air-sea carbon dioxide (CO2) flux is generally estimated by the bulk method using upper ocean CO2 fugacity measurements. In the summertime Arctic, sea-ice melt results in stratification within the upper ocean (top ∼10 m), which can bias bulk CO2 flux estimates when the seawater CO2 fugacity is taken from a ship's seawater inlet at ∼6 m depth (fCO2w_bulk). Direct flux measurements by eddy covariance are unaffected by near-surface stratification. We use eddy covariance CO2 flux measurements to infer sea surface CO2 fugacity (fCO2w_surface) in the Arctic Ocean. In sea-ice melt regions, fCO2w_surface values are consistently lower than fCO2w_bulk by an average of 39 μatm. Lower fCO2w_surface can be partially accounted for by fresher (≥27%) and colder (17%) melt waters. A back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that neglecting the summertime sea-ice melt could lead to a 6%–17% underestimate of the annual Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake. | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.title | Near-Surface Stratification Due to Ice Melt Biases Arctic Air-Sea CO2 Flux Estimates | |
dc.type | Peer reviewed | |
dc.type | Journal article | |
dc.description.version | publishedVersion | |
dc.source.pagenumber | 10 | |
dc.source.volume | 48 | |
dc.source.journal | Geophysical Research Letters | |
dc.source.issue | 22 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1029/2021GL095266 | |
dc.identifier.cristin | 1978221 | |
dc.relation.project | Natural Environment Research Council: NE/N018095/1 | |
dc.relation.project | ESA - den europeiske romfartsorganisasjonen: 4000125730/18/NL/FF/gp | |
cristin.ispublished | true | |
cristin.fulltext | original | |
cristin.qualitycode | 2 | |