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dc.contributor.authorFjørtoft, Helene Børretzen
dc.contributor.authorNilsen, Frank
dc.contributor.authorBesnier, Francois
dc.contributor.authorStene, Anne
dc.contributor.authorTveten, Ann-Kristin
dc.contributor.authorBjørn, Pål Arne
dc.contributor.authorAspehaug, Vidar Teis
dc.contributor.authorGlover, Kevin Alan
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-17T09:48:22Z
dc.date.available2021-08-17T09:48:22Z
dc.date.created2021-07-29T23:14:36Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.citationRoyal Society Open Science. 2021, 8 (5), 1-10.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2054-5703
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2768752
dc.description.abstractNothing lasts forever, including the effect of chemicals aimed to control pests in food production. As old pesticides have been compromised by emerging resistance, new ones have been introduced and turned the odds back in our favour. With time, however, some pests have developed multi-pesticide resistance, challenging our ability to control them. In salmonid aquaculture, the ectoparasitic salmon louse has developed resistance to most of the available delousing compounds. The discovery of genetic markers associated with resistance to organophosphates and pyrethroids made it possible for us to investigate simultaneous resistance to both compounds in approximately 2000 samples of salmon lice from throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2016. We observed widespread and increasing multiresistance on the European side of the Atlantic, particularly in areas with intensive aquaculture. Multiresistant lice were also found on wild Atlantic salmon and sea trout, and also on farmed salmonid hosts in areas where delousing chemicals have not been used. In areas with intensive aquaculture, there are almost no lice left that are sensitive to both compounds. These results demonstrate the speed to which this parasite can develop widespread multiresistance, illustrating why the aquaculture industry has repeatedly lost the arms race with this highly problematic parasite.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.titleLosing the 'arms race': Multiresistant salmon lice are dispersed throughout the North Atlantic Oceanen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber1-10en_US
dc.source.volume8en_US
dc.source.journalRoyal Society Open Scienceen_US
dc.source.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1098/rsos.210265
dc.identifier.cristin1923104
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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