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dc.contributor.authorStar, Bastiaan
dc.contributor.authorBoessenkool, Sanne
dc.contributor.authorGondek, Agata Teresa
dc.contributor.authorNikulina, Elena A.
dc.contributor.authorHufthammer, Anne Karin
dc.contributor.authorPampoulie, Christophe
dc.contributor.authorKnutsen, Halvor
dc.contributor.authorAndré, Carl
dc.contributor.authorNistelberger, Heidi Maria
dc.contributor.authorDierking, Jan
dc.contributor.authorPetereit, Christoph
dc.contributor.authorHeinrich, Dirk
dc.contributor.authorJakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd
dc.contributor.authorStenseth, Nils Christian
dc.contributor.authorJentoft, Sissel
dc.contributor.authorBarrett, James H.
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-23T12:28:21Z
dc.date.available2018-01-23T12:28:21Z
dc.date.created2017-11-08T17:40:25Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.identifier.citationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2017, 114 (34), 9152-9157.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2479074
dc.description.abstractKnowledge of the range and chronology of historic trade and long-distance transport of natural resources is essential for determining the impacts of past human activities on marine environments. However, the specific biological sources of imported fauna are often difficult to identify, in particular if species have a wide spatial distribution and lack clear osteological or isotopic differentiation between populations. Here, we report that ancient fish-bone remains, despite being porous, brittle, and light, provide an excellent source of endogenous DNA (15–46%) of sufficient quality for whole-genome reconstruction. By comparing ancient sequence data to that of modern specimens, we determine the biological origin of 15 Viking Age (800–1066 CE) and subsequent medieval (1066–1280 CE) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) specimens from excavation sites in Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom. Archaeological context indicates that one of these sites was a fishing settlement for the procurement of local catches, whereas the other localities were centers of trade. Fish from the trade sites show a mixed ancestry and are statistically differentiated from local fish populations. Moreover, Viking Age samples from Haithabu, Germany, are traced back to the North East Arctic Atlantic cod population that has supported the Lofoten fisheries of Norway for centuries. Our results resolve a long-standing controversial hypothesis and indicate that the marine resources of the North Atlantic Ocean were used to sustain an international demand for protein as far back as the Viking Age.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.titleAncient DNA reveals the Arctic origin of Viking Age cod from Haithabu, Germanynb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber9152-9157nb_NO
dc.source.volume114nb_NO
dc.source.journalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americanb_NO
dc.source.issue34nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.1710186114
dc.identifier.cristin1512371
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 221734nb_NO
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 203850nb_NO
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 230821nb_NO
dc.relation.projectNotur/NorStore: nn9244knb_NO
cristin.unitcode7431,23,0,0
cristin.unitnamePopulasjonsgenetikk
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode2


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