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Landscape dynamics and predator-prey interactions in marine environments

Ciannelli, Lorenzo; Bailey, Kevin; Frank, Kenneth T.; Hjermann, Dag Ø.; Ottersen, Geir; Stenseth, Nils Christian
Working paper
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/100619
Date
2004
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  • ICES CM documents authored by IMR scientists (1949-2011) [3139]
Abstract
In several sub-arctic marine ecosystems of the North Atlantic capelin are the primary

prey item for cod, and the trophic interaction between capelin and cod is a central

energetic pathway. However, in the North Pacific capelin are, in spite of their high

abundance, barely represented in the diet of cod. In the Bering Sea this uniquely weak

trophic link is the consequence of oceanic landscape features (e.g., bathymetry,

hydrography, currents, and presence of suitable spawning areas) that generate a barrier

between the centers of distribution of cod and capelin. Climate forcing influences labile

features of this distributional barrier (i.e., hydrography) and may result in greater/lower

predator-prey overlap through the opening of thermal gateways and corridors. In the

current study we compare the results from the Bering Sea with those from the Barents

Sea, where cod are strongly dependent on capelin as prey. Through this comparative

analysis we wish to illustrate the importance that oceanic landscape and climate forcing

have on the spatial overlap and trophic interactions between predator and prey. Spatial

considerations are seldom accounted for in population dynamics models, even though the

mechanisms that promote overlap variability can indirectly have profound effects on

population demographic rates. In that regard we believe that our analysis is relevant to

better comprehend the mechanisms leading to regime shift of marine forage population

dynamics in the presence of climate forcing.
Publisher
ICES
Series
ICES CM documents
2004/M:08

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