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dc.contributor.authorNuñez-Ortiz, Noelia
dc.contributor.authorMoore, Lindsey
dc.contributor.authorJarungsriapisit, Jiraporn
dc.contributor.authorNilsen, Tom Ole
dc.contributor.authorStefansson, Sigurd Olav
dc.contributor.authorMorton, Hugh Craig
dc.contributor.authorTaranger, Geir Lasse
dc.contributor.authorSecombes, Christopher J.
dc.contributor.authorPatel, Sonal
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-21T11:29:18Z
dc.date.available2019-01-21T11:29:18Z
dc.date.created2018-09-23T12:47:30Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.citationFish and Shellfish Immunology. 2018, 82 579-590.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn1050-4648
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2581477
dc.description.abstractSalmonid alphavirus (SAV) causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and disease outbreaks are mainly detected after seawater transfer. The influence of the smoltification process on the immune responses, specifically the adaptive response of Atlantic salmon after SAV infection, is not fully understood. In this study, Atlantic salmon post-smolts were infected by either bath immersion (BI) or intramuscular injection (IM) with SAV subtype 3, 2 weeks (Phase A) or 9 weeks (Phase B) after seawater transfer. The transcript levels of genes related to cellular, humoral and inflammatory responses were evaluated on head kidney samples collected at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Corresponding negative control groups (CT) were established accordingly. Significant differences were found between both phases and between the IM and BI groups. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was up-regulated in Phase A at a higher level than in Phase B. High mRNA levels of the genes RIG-1, SOCS1 and STAT1 were observed in all groups except the BI-B group (BI-Phase B). Moreover, the IM-B group showed a higher regulation of genes related to cellular responses, such as CD40, MHCII, and IL-15, that indicated the activation of a strong cell-mediated immune response. CD40 mRNA levels were elevated one week earlier in the BI-B group than in the BI-A group (BI-Phase A). A significant up-regulation of IgM and IgT genes was seen in both IM groups, but the presence of neutralizing antibodies to SAV was detected only in Phase B fish at 21 and 28 dpi. In addition, we found differences in the basal levels of some of the analysed genes between non-infected control groups of both phases. Findings suggest that Atlantic salmon post-smolts adapted for a longer time to seawater before they come into contact with SAV, developed a stronger humoral and cell-mediated immune response during a SAV infection.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.titleAtlantic salmon post-smolts adapted for a longer time to seawater develop an effective humoral and cellular immune response against Salmonid alphavirusnb_NO
dc.title.alternativeAtlantic salmon post-smolts adapted for a longer time to seawater develop an effective humoral and cellular immune response against Salmonid alphavirusnb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionsubmittedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber579-590nb_NO
dc.source.volume82nb_NO
dc.source.journalFish and Shellfish Immunologynb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.059
dc.identifier.cristin1612518
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 224885nb_NO
cristin.unitcode7431,17,0,0
cristin.unitcode7431,24,0,0
cristin.unitnameSykdom og smittespredning
cristin.unitnameReproduksjon og utvikl.biologi
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextpreprint
cristin.qualitycode1


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